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          LV06-04-linux设备模型-04-kobject的释放
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    <div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><p>kobjet对象怎么释放的？若笔记中有错误或者不合适的地方，欢迎批评指正😃。</p>
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              <table>    <tr>        <td align="center">分类</td>        <td align="center">网址</td>        <td align="center">说明</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="5">官方网站</td>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.arm.com/" target="_blank">https://www.arm.com/</a></td>        <td align="left">ARM官方网站，在这里我们可以找到Cotex-Mx以及ARMVx的一些文档</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.nxp.com.cn/" target="_blank">https://www.nxp.com.cn/ </a></td>        <td align="left">NXP官方网站</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.nxpic.org.cn/" target="_blank">https://www.nxpic.org.cn/</a></td><td align="left">NXP 官方社区</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://u-boot.readthedocs.io/en/latest/" target="_blank">https://u-boot.readthedocs.io/en/latest/</a></td><td align="left">u-boot官网</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.kernel.org/" target="_blank">https://www.kernel.org/</a></td><td align="left">linux内核官网</td>    </tr></table>
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              <table>    <tr>        <td align="center">分类</td>        <td align="center">网址</td>        <td align="center">说明</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="3">NXP</td>        <td align="left"><a href="https://github.com/nxp-imx" target="_blank">https://github.com/nxp-imx</a></td>        <td align="left">NXP imx开发资源GitHub组织，里边会有u-boot和linux内核的仓库</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://github.com/nxp-imx/linux-imx/releases/tag/v4.19.71" target="_blank">nxp-imx/linux-imx/releases/tag/v4.19.71</a></td>        <td align="left">NXP linux内核仓库tags中的v4.19.71</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://github.com/nxp-imx/uboot-imx/releases/tag/rel_imx_4.19.35_1.1.0" target="_blank">nxp-imx/uboot-imx/releases/tag/rel_imx_4.19.35_1.1.0</a></td>        <td align="left">NXP u-boot仓库tags中的rel_imx_4.19.35_1.1.0</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="2">I.MX6ULL</td>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.nxp.com.cn/docs/en/data-sheet/IMX6ULLIEC.pdf" target="_blank">i.MX 6ULL Applications Processors for Industrial Products</a></td>        <td align="left">I.MX6ULL 芯片手册（datasheet，可以在线查看）</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.nxp.com.cn/webapp/Download?colCode=IMX6ULLRM&lang_cd=zh" target="_blank">i.MX 6ULL Applications ProcessorReference Manual</a></td>        <td align="left">I.MX6ULL 参考手册（下载后才能查看，需要登录NXP官网）</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="3">Source Code</td>        <td align="left"><a href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/latest/source" target="_blank">https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/latest/source</a></td>        <td align="left">linux kernel源码</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/tree/?h=v4.19.71&id=e7d2672c66e4d3675570369bf20856296da312c4" target="_blank">kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree</a></td>        <td align="left">linux kernel源码(官网,tag 4.19.71)</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/u-boot/latest/source" target="_blank">https://elixir.bootlin.com/u-boot/latest/source</a></td>        <td align="left">uboot源码</td>    </tr></table>
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<p>在《LV06-04-linux设备模型-02-kobject相关的数据结构.md》中已经了解了引用计数器，知道当引用计数器的值变为 0 后，会自动调用自定义的释放函数去执行释放的操作。那么为什么到 0 的时候就会释放呢？我们来看一下。</p>
<h1 id="一、kobject怎么创建的？"><a href="#一、kobject怎么创建的？" class="headerlink" title="一、kobject怎么创建的？"></a><font size=3>一、kobject怎么创建的？</font></h1><p>要知道 kobject 是如何释放的，那么我们要先明白 kobject 是如何创建的。对于 kobject 的创 建，我们可以进一步分析这两种方法的实现细节。</p>
<h2 id="1-kobject-create-and-add"><a href="#1-kobject-create-and-add" class="headerlink" title="1. kobject_create_and_add() "></a><font size=3>1. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L748">kobject_create_and_add()</a> </font></h2><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L748">kobject_create_and_add()</a> 函数创建kobject的实现过程大概如下：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-04-linux%E8%AE%BE%E5%A4%87%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-04-kobject%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8A%E6%94%BE/img/image-20250106192234812.png" alt="image-20250106192234812"  />

<h2 id="2-kobject-init-and-add"><a href="#2-kobject-init-and-add" class="headerlink" title="2. kobject_init_and_add() "></a><font size=3>2. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L434">kobject_init_and_add()</a> </font></h2><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L434">kobject_init_and_add()</a> 创建kobject时需要手动分配内存，并通过 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L329">kobject_init()</a> 函数对分配的内存进行初始化。此时需要自己实现 ktype 结构体。初始化完成后，调用 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L370">kobject_add_varg()</a> 函数将 kobject 添加到系统中。</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-04-linux%E8%AE%BE%E5%A4%87%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-04-kobject%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8A%E6%94%BE/img/image-20250106192920732.png" alt="image-20250106192920732"  />

<h1 id="二、kobject的释放"><a href="#二、kobject的释放" class="headerlink" title="二、kobject的释放"></a><font size=3>二、kobject的释放</font></h1><p>我们来看一下 kobject 的释放函数——<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L695">kobject_put()</a>函数的实现。</p>
<h2 id="1-kobject-put"><a href="#1-kobject-put" class="headerlink" title="1. kobject_put()"></a><font size=3>1. kobject_put()</font></h2><p>在 Linux 内核中，<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L695">kobject_put()</a>函数用于减少 kobject 的引用计数，并在引用计数达到 0 时 释放 kobject 相关的资源。该函数定义如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> <span class="title function_">kobject_put</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">struct</span> kobject *kobj)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span> (kobj) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">if</span> (!kobj-&gt;state_initialized)</span><br><span class="line">			WARN(<span class="number">1</span>, KERN_WARNING</span><br><span class="line">				<span class="string">&quot;kobject: &#x27;%s&#x27; (%p): is not initialized, yet kobject_put() is being called.\n&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">			     kobject_name(kobj), kobj);</span><br><span class="line">		kref_put(&amp;kobj-&gt;kref, kobject_release);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line">EXPORT_SYMBOL(kobject_put);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>可以看到内部最终调用的是 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/kref.h#L67">kref_put()</a> 函数来对引用计数进行操作。</p>
<h3 id="1-1-kref-put"><a href="#1-1-kref-put" class="headerlink" title="1.1 kref_put()"></a><font size=3>1.1 kref_put()</font></h3><p> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/kref.h#L67">kref_put()</a> 函数定义如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">static</span> <span class="keyword">inline</span> <span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">kref_put</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">struct</span> kref *kref, <span class="type">void</span> (*release)(<span class="keyword">struct</span> kref *kref))</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span> (refcount_dec_and_test(&amp;kref-&gt;refcount)) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">		release(kref);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>在该函数中，当引用计数器的值变为 0 以后，会调用 release 函数执行释放的操作，这个release是一个函数指针，它指向一个这样的函数：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> (*release)(<span class="keyword">struct</span> kref *kref)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>这个函数是啥？我们看上一层调用它的函数（<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L695">kobject_put()</a>）给它传的什么，可以看到传入的是：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">ref_put(&amp;kobj-&gt;kref, kobject_release);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>所以最终其实调用的是 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L680">kobject_release()</a> 函数来释放kobject对象。</p>
<h3 id="1-2-kobject-release"><a href="#1-2-kobject-release" class="headerlink" title="1.2 kobject_release()"></a><font size=3>1.2 kobject_release()</font></h3><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L680">kobject_release()</a> 函数定义如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">static</span> <span class="type">void</span> <span class="title function_">kobject_release</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">struct</span> kref *kref)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">kobject</span> *<span class="title">kobj</span> =</span> container_of(kref, <span class="keyword">struct</span> kobject, kref);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">ifdef</span> CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT_RELEASE</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">unsigned</span> <span class="type">long</span> delay = HZ + HZ * (get_random_int() &amp; <span class="number">0x3</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	pr_info(<span class="string">&quot;kobject: &#x27;%s&#x27; (%p): %s, parent %p (delayed %ld)\n&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">		 kobject_name(kobj), kobj, __func__, kobj-&gt;parent, delay);</span><br><span class="line">	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&amp;kobj-&gt;release, kobject_delayed_cleanup);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	schedule_delayed_work(&amp;kobj-&gt;release, delay);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">else</span></span></span><br><span class="line">	kobject_cleanup(kobj);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">endif</span></span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>去内核源码搜一下就会发现，正常情况是没有这个CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT_RELEASE宏的，后面会调用 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L633">kobject_cleanup()</a> 函数。</p>
<h3 id="1-3-kobject-cleanup"><a href="#1-3-kobject-cleanup" class="headerlink" title="1.3 kobject_cleanup()"></a><font size=3>1.3 kobject_cleanup()</font></h3><p>kobject_cleanup()函数定义在<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L633">kobject.c - lib&#x2F;kobject.c - kobject_cleanup</a>。接下来我们详细分析一下：</p>
<ul>
<li>第<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L633">633</a> - <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L636">636</a> 行</li>
</ul>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-04-linux%E8%AE%BE%E5%A4%87%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-04-kobject%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8A%E6%94%BE/img/image-20250106195217638.png" alt="image-20250106195217638"  />

<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L633">kobject_cleanup()</a> 函数的参数为一个指向 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/kobject.h#L65">struct kobject</a> 结构体的指针 kobj。函数内部定义了一个指向 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/kobject.h#L139">struct kobj_type</a> 结构体的指针 t，用于获取 kobj 的类型信息。还定义了一个指向常量字符的指针 name，用于保存 kobj 的名称。 </p>
<ul>
<li>第 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L638">638</a> 行</li>
</ul>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-04-linux%E8%AE%BE%E5%A4%87%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-04-kobject%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8A%E6%94%BE/img/image-20250106195313188.png" alt="image-20250106195313188"  />

<p>接下来，使用 pr_debug 打印调试信息，显示 kobject 的名称、地址、函数名称和父对象的地址。</p>
<ul>
<li>第 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L641">641</a> 行</li>
</ul>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-04-linux%E8%AE%BE%E5%A4%87%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-04-kobject%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8A%E6%94%BE/img/image-20250106195427442.png" alt="image-20250106195427442"  />

<p>检查 kobj 的类型信息 t 是否存在，并且检查 t-&gt;release 是否为 NULL。如果 t 存在但 t-&gt;release 为 NULL，表示 kobj 的类型没有定义释放函数，会打印调试信息指示该情况。</p>
<ul>
<li>第 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L646">646</a> 行</li>
</ul>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-04-linux%E8%AE%BE%E5%A4%87%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-04-kobject%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8A%E6%94%BE/img/image-20250106195522524.png" alt="image-20250106195522524"  />

<p>检查 kobj 的状态变量 state_add_uevent_sent 和 state_remove_uevent_sent。如果 state_add_uevent_sent 为真而 state_remove_uevent_sent 为假，表示调用者没有发送”remove” 事件，会自动发送 “remove” 事件。</p>
<ul>
<li>第 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L653">653</a> 行</li>
</ul>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-04-linux%E8%AE%BE%E5%A4%87%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-04-kobject%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8A%E6%94%BE/img/image-20250106195819946.png" alt="image-20250106195819946"  />

<p>检查 kobj 的状态变量 state_in_sysfs。如果为真，表示调用者没有从 sysfs 中删除 kobj，会自动调用 kobject_del() 函数将其从 sysfs 中删除。</p>
<ul>
<li>第 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L659">659</a> 行</li>
</ul>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-04-linux%E8%AE%BE%E5%A4%87%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-04-kobject%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8A%E6%94%BE/img/image-20250106200226834.png" alt="image-20250106200226834"  />

<p>再次检查 t 是否存在，并且检查 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/kobject.h#L140">t-&gt;release</a> 是否存在。如果存在，表示 kobj 的 类型定义了释放函数，会调用该释放函数进行资源清理。从这里可以知道，最后调用的这个release函数是 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/kobject.h#L139">kobj_type</a> 结构体中定义的。</p>
<ul>
<li>第 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L666">666</a> 行</li>
</ul>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-04-linux%E8%AE%BE%E5%A4%87%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-04-kobject%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8A%E6%94%BE/img/image-20250106200351948.png" alt="image-20250106200351948"  />

<p>检查 name 是否存在。如果存在，表示 kobj 的名称是动态分配的，会释放该名称 的内存。</p>
<p>这就是 kobject_cleanup() 函数的实现。它负责执行 kobject 的资源清理和释放操作， 包括处理类型信息、发送事件、删除 sysfs 中的对象以及调用释放函数。</p>
<h3 id="1-4-总结"><a href="#1-4-总结" class="headerlink" title="1.4 总结"></a><font size=3>1.4 总结</font></h3><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L633">kobject_cleanup()</a> 函数的实现表明，最终调用的释放函数是在 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/kobject.h#L139">kobj_type</a> 结构体中定义的。 这解释了为什么在使用 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L434">kobject_init_and_add()</a> 函数时，<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/kobject.h#L139">kobj_type</a> 结构体不能为空的原因。因 为释放函数是在 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/kobject.h#L139">kobj_type</a> 结构体中定义的，如果不实现释放函数，就无法进行正确的资源释放。</p>
<h2 id="2-dynamic-kobj-ktype"><a href="#2-dynamic-kobj-ktype" class="headerlink" title="2. dynamic_kobj_ktype"></a><font size=3>2. dynamic_kobj_ktype</font></h2><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L719">dynamic_kobj_ktype</a> 是一个 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/kobject.h#L139">kobj_type</a> 结构体对 象，用于定义动态创建的 kobject 的类型。它指定了释放函数和 sysfs 操作：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">static</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">kobj_type</span> <span class="title">dynamic_kobj_ktype</span> =</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">	.release	= dynamic_kobj_release,</span><br><span class="line">	.sysfs_ops	= &amp;kobj_sysfs_ops,</span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="2-1-dynamic-kobj-release"><a href="#2-1-dynamic-kobj-release" class="headerlink" title="2.1 dynamic_kobj_release()"></a><font size=3>2.1 dynamic_kobj_release()</font></h3><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L713">dynamic_kobj_release()</a>函数定义如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">static</span> <span class="type">void</span> <span class="title function_">dynamic_kobj_release</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">struct</span> kobject *kobj)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	pr_debug(<span class="string">&quot;kobject: (%p): %s\n&quot;</span>, kobj, __func__);</span><br><span class="line">	kfree(kobj);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>使用 kfree 函数对创建的 kobj 进行了释放。总结起来， <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/kobject.h#L139">kobj_type</a>  结构体中的释放函数是为了确保在释放 kobject 时执行必要的资源清理和释放操作，以确保系统的正确运行。</p>
<h3 id="2-2-kobj-sysfs-ops"><a href="#2-2-kobj-sysfs-ops" class="headerlink" title="2.2 kobj_sysfs_ops"></a><font size=3>2.2 kobj_sysfs_ops</font></h3><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L815">kobj_sysfs_ops</a>定义如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">const</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">sysfs_ops</span> <span class="title">kobj_sysfs_ops</span> =</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">	.show	= kobj_attr_show,</span><br><span class="line">	.store	= kobj_attr_store,</span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br><span class="line">EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kobj_sysfs_ops);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="2-3-在哪里被调用？"><a href="#2-3-在哪里被调用？" class="headerlink" title="2.3 在哪里被调用？"></a><font size=3>2.3 在哪里被调用？</font></h3><p>这个<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L719">dynamic_kobj_ktype</a> 是在 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/lib/kobject.c#L743">kobject_create()</a> 函数中设置的：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-04-linux%E8%AE%BE%E5%A4%87%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-04-kobject%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8A%E6%94%BE/img/image-20250106201828643.png" alt="image-20250106201828643"  />

<h2 id="3-自定义释放函数？"><a href="#3-自定义释放函数？" class="headerlink" title="3. 自定义释放函数？"></a><font size=3>3. 自定义释放函数？</font></h2><p>自定义的话，好像要自己采用手动申请内存，创建kobject那种方式，这里有一个demo：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://gitee.com/sumumm/imx6ull-driver-demo/tree/master/05_device_model/05_ktype">05_device_model&#x2F;05_ktype · 苏木&#x2F;imx6ull-driver-demo - 码云 - 开源中国</a></p>
<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看详情 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span 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class="line">91</span><br><span class="line">92</span><br><span class="line">93</span><br><span class="line">94</span><br><span class="line">95</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;linux/init.h&gt;</span> <span class="comment">/* module_init module_exit */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;linux/kernel.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;linux/module.h&gt;</span> <span class="comment">/* MODULE_LICENSE */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;linux/kobject.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;linux/slab.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&quot;./timestamp_autogenerated.h&quot;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&quot;./version_autogenerated.h&quot;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&quot;./sdrv_common.h&quot;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// #undef PRT</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// #undef PRTE</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">ifndef</span> PRT</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> PRT printk</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">endif</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">ifndef</span> PRTE</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> PRTE printk</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">endif</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">kobject</span> *<span class="title">skobject1</span> =</span> <span class="literal">NULL</span>; <span class="comment">// 定义kobject指针变量：skobject1</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @brief  dynamic_kobj_release()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @note   定义kobject的释放函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @param [in]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @param [out]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @retval </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">static</span> <span class="type">void</span> <span class="title function_">dynamic_kobj_release</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">struct</span> kobject *kobj)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    PRT(<span class="string">&quot;kobject: (%p)\n&quot;</span>, kobj);</span><br><span class="line">    kfree(kobj);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 定义了一个kobj_type结构体变量stype，用于描述kobject的类型。</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">kobj_type</span> <span class="title">stype</span> =</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    .release = dynamic_kobj_release,</span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @brief  sdriver_demo_init()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @note   </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @param [in]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @param [out]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @retval </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">static</span> __init <span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">sdriver_demo_init</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="type">int</span> ret = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	printk(<span class="string">&quot;*** [%s:%d]Build Time: %s %s, git version:%s ***\n&quot;</span>, __FUNCTION__,</span><br><span class="line">           __LINE__, KERNEL_KO_DATE, KERNEL_KO_TIME, KERNEL_KO_VERSION);</span><br><span class="line">    PRT(<span class="string">&quot;sdriver_demo module init!\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 创建kobject的第二种方法</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 1.使用kzalloc函数分配了一个kobject对象的内存</span></span><br><span class="line">    skobject1 = kzalloc(<span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(<span class="keyword">struct</span> kobject), GFP_KERNEL);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 2.初始化并添加到内核中，名为&quot;skobject1&quot;。</span></span><br><span class="line">    ret = kobject_init_and_add(skobject1, &amp;stype, <span class="literal">NULL</span>, <span class="string">&quot;%s&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;skobject1&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">if</span>(ret &lt; <span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        PRTE(<span class="string">&quot;kobject_init_and_add fail!ret=%d\n&quot;</span>, ret);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">goto</span> err_kobject_init_and_add;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">err_kobject_init_and_add:</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> ret;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @brief  sdriver_demo_exit()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @note   </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @param [in]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @param [out]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @retval </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">static</span> __exit <span class="type">void</span> <span class="title function_">sdriver_demo_exit</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">// 释放之前创建的kobject对象</span></span><br><span class="line">    kobject_put(skobject1);</span><br><span class="line">    PRT(<span class="string">&quot;sdriver_demo module exit!\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">module_init(sdriver_demo_init); <span class="comment">// 将__init定义的函数指定为驱动的入口函数</span></span><br><span class="line">module_exit(sdriver_demo_exit); <span class="comment">// 将__exit定义的函数指定为驱动的出口函数</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 模块信息(通过 modinfo chrdev_led_demo 查看) */</span></span><br><span class="line">MODULE_LICENSE(<span class="string">&quot;GPL v2&quot;</span>);            <span class="comment">/* 源码的许可证协议 */</span></span><br><span class="line">MODULE_AUTHOR(<span class="string">&quot;sumu&quot;</span>);               <span class="comment">/* 字符串常量内容为模块作者说明 */</span></span><br><span class="line">MODULE_DESCRIPTION(<span class="string">&quot;Description&quot;</span>);   <span class="comment">/* 字符串常量内容为模块功能说明 */</span></span><br><span class="line">MODULE_ALIAS(<span class="string">&quot;module&#x27;s other name&quot;</span>); <span class="comment">/* 字符串常量内容为模块别名 */</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
              </div>
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